التصوف: التصوف هو معتقد ديني اسلامي, يسعى اتباعه التقرب من الله  بتكريس وقتهم للعبادة و ذكره. يعتقد ان للتصوف استمد من الاديان الهندية و اوروبا القديمة حيث كانت تعتمد على المستوى الروحي اكثر من الجسدي للتقرب إلى الالهة. لعب التصوف دورا كبيرا في انتشار الإسلام و التأثير في بعض الثقافات حيث اثرت على اللغات الفارسيه و الاوردو و لغات اخري من اسيا الوسطى من حيث الادب. 

مر التصوف في الاسلام بعجة مراحل اولها هي ظهور مبادىء التصوف ثم تلتها مرحلة التطور إلى التصوف كما نعرفه ثم نهاية بمرحلة ظهور فروع جديدة للتصوف. ظهر التصوف في العصر الاموي حيث كان بعض الناس يتلوا ايات عن يوم القيامة و البكاء و العويل منها. ثم ظهرت لهم مبادىء جديدة اهمها حب الله و محاولة التقرب منه روحيا”.  احصبت بعد فترة للصوفية مدارس مختلفة في العراق و مصر لكل منها طريقة و مبادىء مختلفة للتصوف منها المعرفة و التوكل.و من اعلام الصوفية الذين اثروا فيها هم جنيد , ابو يزيد , البسطمي و الحلاج ذو مقولته المشهوره انا الحق و تم اعدامه في بغداد عام  م922  و كان آخر اهم اعلامها الغزالي رحمهم الله. كانت الصوفيه في بادىء الامر تمارس في حلقات مغلقة مما ادى الى ظهور الشكوك حولهم. دفعت هذه الشكوك المتصوفه الى نسخ كتب خاصه بهم لإزاله هذه الشكوك عنهم و الذي كتبها بي العربية هم ابو طالب المكي و سراج و آخرون و بالفارسيه كتبها هجفيري و كان مضمونها الدفاع عن عقيدة التصوف و تبريرها نسبة الى عقيدة اهل السنه.

      Recently many western scholars and politicians started attacks against the rapid expansion of Islam in the world and compared it to brutal and barbaric. The Prophet Mohammed was born In Mecca some 1400 years ago in a very brutal and idol worshiping society. Although this society was violent and unforgiving, Mohammed none the less was able to change the souls of the majority and convert them to Islam. Islam calls for peace and tranquility, forbidding unnecessary violence, immoral acts and killing outside of combat for no reason.

       After the fall of Mecca in the hands of the Muslims, Allah’s orders to his prophet where to secure Islam in the
Arabian Peninsula. This was to establish a strong base for this new faith which was attracting hundreds each day. In Islam every neighboring country to an Islamic state have to sign a treaty with the Muslims or convert to Islam, and if none of thesee conditions are met then Jihad it is. This method is used so that peace can be made and as respect to the Muslim neighboring countries from other faiths. If anyone ever thinks about it, its a very logical  and successful diplomatic initiative which guaranties safety to both Muslims and none Muslims. Conquering the Byzantine and the Persian Empires is no more than the implementation of the treaty or converting principle, since both Empires declined the Muslim peace treaties and calls foe conversion to Islam. The result was the spread of Islam from as far as India and  Tunisia since they all where domains of the fallen Empires. Another point is that when Muslims conquer a land they give its people a choice, either convert to Islam or pay a small amount of money in exchange for safety and rights equal to those of Muslims in there own land. Where is the brutality and violence in that?

      This briefly explains the rapid spread of Islam and why Muslims waged wars against none Muslims in that time. Either promise us peace or convert that was the main principle for these wars and shows that Muslims expansions where not based on violence but calls for peace and respect among nations. 

                           The kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

                          المملكة العربية السعودية                                         

            Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam and home to Islam’s two holiest shrines in Mecca and Medina. The king’s official title is the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. The modern Saudi state was founded in 1932 by ABD AL-AZIZ bin Abd al-Rahman AL SAUD (Ibn Saud) after a 30-year campaign to unify most of the Arabian Peninsula. A male descendent of Ibn Saud, his son ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz, rules the country today as required by the country’s 1992 Basic Law. Following Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in 1990, Saudi Arabia accepted the Kuwaiti royal family and 400,000 refugees while allowing Western and Arab troops to deploy on its soil for the liberation of Kuwait the following year. The continuing presence of foreign troops on Saudi soil after the liberation of Kuwait became a source of tension between the royal family and the public until all operational US troops left the country in 2003. Major terrorist attacks in May and November 2003 spurred a strong on-going campaign against domestic terrorism and extremism.

• Full name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
• Population: 25.6 million (UN, 2005)
• Capital: Riyadh
• Area: 2.24 million sq km (864,869 sq miles)
• Major language: Arabic
• Major religion: Islam
• Life expectancy: 70 years (men), 74 years (women) (UN)
• Monetary unit: 1 Riyal = 100 halalah
• Main exports: Oil, gas, cereals
• GNI per capita: US $11,770 (World Bank, 2006)
• Internet domain: .sa
• International dialling code: +966

Ever since the fall of the Iraqi regime led by president Saddam Hussain of the infamous ba’ath party, clashes between muslims started to emerge. This killings where led by Islams main two branches, the Sunnis and the Shi’ites. The Sunnis can easily be called the orthodox path in Islam since it follows the prophet and his companions teachings without any interference, while the Shi’ites first emerged after the Great Fitna and rever Ali “the prophets cousin” as a saint along with his kin. The Sunnis see that as blasphemy since Islam strictly forbids idolism and they see it that way, the Shi’ites on the other hand refer to there Sunni cousins as traitors since they dont believe Alis’ right to Caliphism.

These diferrences have not surfaced as conflicts except on minor occasions in Islams’ history, and in most of the Muslim world Sunnis and Shi’ites live in harmony. The situation none the less is different in modern Iraq, Shi’ite insurgents kill Sunni muslims by the masses each day and raid their communities in Baghdad and other major Iraqi villages. Those attacks where incited by the explosions in a Shi’ite holy site known as Karbalaa where Alis’ grave lies.They where instantly blamed on the Sunnis and attacks have not seized since then even so more Sunnis have been killed by post attacks than the number of Shi’ites that died in that sad occasion.

The Sunnis on the other hand blame the Shi’ites on Iraqs current status, since they backed the Americans in there “illegal” invasion in a muslim land and plunge Iraq into a dark age where promised democracy is not even thought of. The current Iraqi government is comprimised of Shi’ite parties and Kurdish whith not a single major Sunni representation. The Shi’ite army named The Army of the Mehdi which is lead by Shi’ite clerik Moqtada al Sadr targets Sunnis’ which believe in the same relgion as he does’, while leaving the invading forces with a few skirmishes in there records. The result is more than 50% of the Baghdad Sunnis where displaced and a more bitter number killed, all for the sake of revenge for acts they never comitted or had a hand in.

killings wont stop, blood will be shed and murderers like Muqtada will continue their killings in the name of minor beliefs. Islam is to state that you believe in a single God and believe in hislast Prophet, none of the both sides deny it, but on the contrary sing ”Ash’had ana la ellah ela allah” while their bullets tear each others limbs believing its the way to heaven and believing in a cause which says kill your brother in faith for a reason that themselves dont know.

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